Claims of factual basis[edit]
The film opens with the following text:
This is a true story. The events depicted in this film took place in Minnesota in 1987. At the request of the survivors, the names have been changed. Out of respect for the dead, the rest has been told exactly as it occurred.
However, the closing credits bear the standard
fictitious persons disclaimer used by works of fiction.
[22] Regarding this apparent discrepancy, the Coen brothers claimed that they based their script on an actual criminal event, but wrote a fictional story around it. "We weren't interested in that kind of fidelity," said Joel Coen. "The basic events are the same as in the real case, but the characterizations are fully imagined ... If an audience believes that something's based on a real event, it gives you permission to do things they might otherwise not accept."
[23]
The brothers have modified their explanation more than once. In 1996, Joel Coen told a reporter that—contrary to the opening graphic—the actual murders were not committed in Minnesota.
[24][25] Many Minnesotans speculated that the story was inspired by
T. Eugene Thompson, a
St. Paul attorney who was convicted of hiring a man to murder his wife in 1963, near the Coens' hometown of
St. Louis Park; but the Coens claimed that they had never heard of Thompson. After Thompson's death in 2015, Joel Coen changed the explanation again: "[The story was] completely made up. Or, as we like to say, the only thing true about it is that it's a story."
[26]
The film's special edition DVD contains yet another account, that the film was inspired by the 1986 murder of Helle Crafts from Connecticut at the hands of her husband, Richard, who disposed of her body through a wood chipper.[27]
There is a long history of authors placing factual disclaimers at the beginning of fictional works; one of the earliest of these is the gothic novel
The Castle of Otranto written by
Horace Walpole in 1764.