First step is to make sure possible entry ways into your house are secured and reasonable hardened, that way you have more time from the first "bump" to the intruder(s) getting in (if they don't decide to leave after getting frustrated). How much you are willing to spend depends on your perceived need (how safe you think your neighborhood is after doing research on crime stats, and personal factors).
1) Lock your doors and windows.
2) Exterior doors and doors to room that may be used as "safe" rooms should be solid wood/metal.
3) "Door-Devil" like devices are the shit for making it nearly impossible to kick/battering ram a door open.
4) If you have large pieces of glass that need to be secured, consider security grating or security film.
5) Motion sensor flood lights at all exterior access points.
6) Alarm system or just alarm signs / yappy dog.
To answer your exact question: I'm assuming you live in Mass, but IMO all firearms should be secured from unauthorized access/theft no matter where you are.
1) Trigger locks are inadequate to prevent theft.
2) Easiest method is to get a small "GunVault" style lock box (fits 1 pistol and 1-2 mags) and put it on your bedside. Use the included cable to lock the box to the bed frame. This won't prevent somebody with time and/or tools from stealing it, but it will slow them down, and prevent a quick and easy grab by any guests passing through your house. The cheapest lock boxes of this type ($20-30) use keys. Leaving a key on the table or in the key-hole would probably not pass muster in a Mass court of law (not sure if this has ever been tested). I would take the key and put it on a chain and wear it at all times. Keep track of the extra keys, that way people who have time on their hands (like your kids) can't unlock it through trying keys they find around the house.
3) Combination and biometric access (fingerprint) versions of these boxes also exist, and work well ($40-100).
4) If you want to keep several pistols, larger cube shaped biometric safes such as the "BARSKA Mini Biometric Safe" and "Viking Security VS-20BLX Mini Biometric Safe" can store 2-4 pistols and several magazines ($130-150).
Keep a DEDICATED handheld light next to or in each of these safes (you know, the "tactical" kind). I use a combination of the above, and can roll/hop out of bed on either side and access a pistol and light in less than 10 seconds (which may not be fast enough if you have not secured the exterior of the house and the intruder decides to blitz to the bedroom). If the noise continues/intensifies and you are convinced that somebody is breaking into your house, call 911 and barricade yourself inside your designated "safe-room". The only time I would go clearing my house with gun drawn is if a loved one is inside and not secured (e.g. child in separate bedroom).
Practice shooting one handed, practice shooting with the handheld light(s), practice clearing your house with a blue gun or laser trainer, and above all practice NOT SHOOTING every unexpected person in your house. 97% of the time the bump in the night, if it is actually a person, will be somebody you DO NOT HAVE TO SHOOT, such as a family member or drunk neighbor/teenager/stranger. Even strangers in your house at 2AM do not always have to be shot. Don't shoot anybody without POSITIVELY identifying them visually and challenging them verbally (REALLY practice verbalizing while you practice clearing your house). Is the worst case scenario a group of cartel hitmen in level IV body armor w/ AKs, or shooting your son/daughter/wife and then watching them bleed out on your kitchen floor? Which one is more likely?
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